- A) Turn the steering wheel all the way and mark the top of the rim with chalk.
- b) Now turn the steering wheel all the way to the other side and count the number of full turns.
- With) Turn the steering wheel back half the counted revolutions. The alignment angles of the front wheels are very important, especially when checking the toe-in and when installing the steering wheel, if it was removed.
Kingpin pitch adjustment
2. The pitch of the king pin can be adjusted. Between the upper wishbone and the body, there is an arm extension that is adjusted by loosening the lock nut at the outer end. One turn of the brace changes the pitch of the kingpin by 15'. See specifications for kingpin tilt. If possible, have the front wheel geometry checked by a workshop. If the kingpin angle" does not correspond to the standard value, the reason is in the transverse arm or in the stretching of the suspension arm. The difference between left and right cannot be more than 1°.
3. Measurements on vehicles of the first generation must be carried out in an unloaded state, i.e. in such a way as they are used in ordinary trips. When the front of the cars is higher than the rear on the car of the second generation, the geometry of the wheels is violated. These models require two measurements. Measurements are taken between the underside of the respective stringer and the level surface on which the vehicle is parked to obtain the height «H1» and height «H2» (see illustration). The height can be adjusted from the values shown in the illustration, however, be aware that some vehicles have a load balancing device, so load the vehicle so that both heights are at their minimum. Before taking measurements, check the technical specifications of the vehicle.
5.3 Measurement of the height of the front and rear axles is made at the indicated points «H1» and «H2». Operating weight - vehicle with 5 seats:
Height «H1»:
Without load balancing:
- 4 cylinder engine = 175 mm
- 6 cylinder engine = 185 mm
With load balancing:
- 4 cylinder engine = 170 mm
- 6 cylinder engine = 175 mm
Height «H2»:
Without load balancing:
- 4 cylinder engine = 420 mm
- 6 cylinder engine = 435 mm
With load balancing:
- 4 cylinder engine = 400 mm
- 6 cylinder engine = 410 mm
Note: When loading a vehicle with a load balancer, disconnect the battery beforehand.
Kingpin transverse tilt
4. The lateral tilt of the kingpin cannot be adjusted. There are no suitable devices and methods for measuring the transverse inclination of the kingpin, so entrust this work to specialists.
Camber
5. Camber is measured using a special device. On second generation vehicles, measure the height «H1» and «H2» as shown in illustration 5.3. It should be mentioned that early models (name J11...) have positive camber, while subsequent models (name J63...) have negative camber. Camber cannot be adjusted. If it does not meet the standard value or the difference between the two sides exceeds the allowable limit, the cause may be in the front suspension. A sharp start over the curb can lead to deformation of certain parts of the front suspension.
Wheel alignment
6. Increased negative camber of the front wheels is recognized by tire wear on the inside; tire wear on the outside allows you to determine the increased convergence of the wheels. Adjusting the toe of the front wheels can only be done with special tools, since it is very important that the wheels are parallel to the vehicle axle. If it is unavoidable to control the alignment of the wheels, use a special ruler. Pay attention to height «H1» and «H2» (see illustration 5.3) in cars of the second generation, i.e. first compare with data in specifications and correct by weight (front only):
7. Set the front wheels straight. Look from the front of the car to see if one of the wheels forms an angle with the other wheel. Otherwise, measure the wheel alignment.
8. Install the measuring device on the inner surfaces of the front wheel disks from the rear edge at the height of the hubs and zero its readings.
9. Mark with chalk the places where the measuring device is applied.
10. Roll the car forward half a turn of the front wheels so that the chalk marks are on the front edge at the height of the wheel hub.
11. Place the measuring device back on the trailing edge of the disc and measure the distance. It can be larger either in the front (camber) or in the back (wheel alignment).
12. In case the value obtained does not correspond to 4.0±2.0 mm camber on early models, or 4.5 mm±0.7 mm on models starting from «J63...», loosen the tie rod end nut (see illustration). At the same time, make sure that the rubber boot on the inside turns easily, and turn the tie rod in the required direction. If the tie rod is turned in the direction of the arrow, the camber is set. Both tie rods must be rotated by the same number of revolutions. A full turn of the rod changes the toe-in by 3.0 mm. After installation, tighten the locknut again.
5.12 Front wheel alignment
Causes of incorrect wheel alignment
- Longitudinal inclination of the kingpin does not correspond to the norm: difficult displacement of the suspension arm or longitudinal beam.
- Camber does not correspond to the norm: the steering trapezoid lever or the longitudinal beam is deformed.
- The camber is correct, the transverse inclination of the kingpin does not correspond: difficult displacement of the steering knuckle.
- The transverse inclination of the kingpin is normal, the camber is not appropriate: difficult displacement of the steering knuckle.
- Toe-adjustment incorrect: Difficult suspension arm movement, king pin caster incorrect, or stringer movement difficult.
- Toe adjustment more than 6 mm over the specified value: the left or right steering knuckles are deformed or their displacement is difficult.