The set includes:
- driver's front airbag;
- front passenger airbag (depending on modification);
- front seat belt pretensioners;
- special seat belts;
- electronic control unit;
- passenger airbag key deactivation system (depending on modification);
- two side impact sensors (depending on modification);
- side airbags for head and chest protection, located in the front seats (depending on modification);
- system malfunction indicator light;
- signal lamp "airbag OFF" confirmation of airbag deactivation (depending on modification).
Figure 2.12. Layout of airbag system components and seat belt pretensioners: 1 – Airbag control unit; 2 – front passenger airbag; 3 – Airbag switch with key; 4 – Front seat belt pretensioner; 5 – rear seat belt reel; 6 – side airbag; 7 – side impact sensor; 8 – seat position sensor; 9 – Airbag indicator light; 10 – Airbag indicator light off; 11 – Driver's airbag
Figure 2.13. Airbag deployment: A - driver; B - passenger
The layout of the system elements is shown in Figure 2.12. The activation of the airbags and seat belt pretensioners is shown in Figures 2.13 and 2.14.
Warnings!
- Only experienced personnel who have undergone special training are allowed to work on airbag and seat belt pretensioner systems.
- In vehicles with side airbags, front seat covers should not be used (except for special covers from the branded accessories store).
- Do not place foreign objects in the airbag deployment area.
After any passive safety device has been triggered, you must contact a specialized service station to restore the system.
Operation of airbags and seat belt pretensioners
When the ignition is turned on, the airbag and seat belt pretensioner warning light comes on for a few seconds and then goes out.
The airbag warning light may also come on if the battery voltage is low.
The ECU and side impact sensors respond to vehicle deceleration using signals measured by electronic negative acceleration sensors.
In case of a frontal impact:
- after confirmation of a sufficiently strong frontal impact by the electronic safety sensor, the pyrotechnic gas generators of the front seat belt pretensioners and the pyrotechnic reels are simultaneously ignited;
- in the event of a very strong frontal impact, the ECU, in addition to the pretensioners and coils, also activates the pyrotechnic generators of the small volume front airbags;
- in the event of an even more severe frontal impact, the safety system ECU activates the pyrotechnic gas generators of the pretensioners, coils and large front airbags.
The volume to which the front airbags are inflated is regulated by the ECU, taking into account the force of the impact and the position of the driver's seat.
In the event of a sufficiently strong side impact, the impact sensors send a signal to the ECU. After confirmation of the impact recognition by the electronic safety sensor built into the ECU, the pyrotechnic generators are ignited:
- front seat belt pretensioners and rear pyrotechnic reel (from the side of the blow);
- front seat, while the side airbag inflates to protect the head and chest (from the side of the blow).
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Notes:
- Front pretensioners and rear pyrotechnic reels may deploy in a rear impact (depending on its strength). When the pyrotechnic gas generator is triggered, a pop is heard and a small amount of smoke is released.
- Under normal operating conditions, the ECU and igniters are powered from the vehicle's battery.
- The ECU is equipped with a backup power source in case of battery failure in the initial phase of the impact.
The vehicle's instrument cluster includes two warning lights:
- airbag malfunctions;
- front passenger airbags are disabled ("Airbad OFF").
Both indicator lights must not be on at the same time.
The airbag malfunction warning light informs you of malfunctions in the safety system: ECU, front pretensioners, front airbags, side airbags, key lock system, battery pack (checking the supply voltage).
When the ignition is turned on, the indicator light should light for a few seconds and then go out (and not light up again).
If the lamp does not light when the ignition is turned on or lights up while the vehicle is moving, the system is faulty.
In some cases, when starting the engine, the warning light may come on for a short period of time and then go out.
Signal lamp "Airbad OFF" allows you to obtain information about the activation or deactivation of the front passenger airbags.
Front passenger airbag lock key
The lock key located on the door switch panel has two positions:
- "ON" - operating position of the front passenger airbags;
- "OFF" - the front passenger airbag is blocked to install a child seat. When the key is in this position, the "Airbag OFF" indicator light comes on in the instrument cluster.
For more information on working with airbags and seat belt pretensioners, see the section "Body".