Pic. 2.24. Location of units and service points in the engine compartment: 1 - engine oil filler cap; 2 - oil dipstick; 3 – the pump of the amplifier of a steering; 4 - accelerator pedal cable; 5 - inlet pipeline; 6 - upper supports of the front suspension struts; 7 - reserve tank of the brake system; 8 - air filter; 9 - expansion tank of the engine cooling system; 10 – a reserve tank of system of the hydraulic booster of the steering mechanism; 11 - a reservoir for windshield washer fluid; 12 - electronic control unit (ECU); 13 - inertial shut-off fuel valve; 14 - battery; 15 - fuse block; 16 - inlet air duct
Pic. 2.26. oil dipstick (Bottom part)
Stop the engine. Remove the dipstick after 5 minutes (see fig. 2.24), wipe its stem with a clean rag and lower it back into the guide tube until it stops. Remove the dipstick again and check the oil level along the edge of the oil on it. It must be between the marks «MIN» and «MAX» (pic. 2.26). Between these marks, approximately one liter of oil is placed in the crankcase. If the oil level is low, open the oil filler cap and gradually, carefully, preferably through a funnel, add oil to the upper mark «MAX» on the probe.
Attention! Excess or lack of oil is unacceptable.
If you have to add oil too often, this may be due to increased wear on the valve stem seals and piston rings, or a leak in the engine connections. If the surface of the engine is contaminated with oil, inspect for possible leaks:
- block head cover gasket;
- oil separator gasket;
- cylinder head gasket;
- oil filter gasket;
- drain plug of the engine crankcase;
- engine crankcase gasket;
- front and rear crankshaft seals.
To pinpoint the location of an oil leak, do the following:
- isolate the generator with plastic wrap;
- flush the engine with a special tool to remove dirt and oil;
- sprinkle the places of possible leakage with talc or ground chalk and remove the film from the generator;
- warm up the engine by driving 25–30 km at high speed;
- after stopping, wait 5 minutes for the oil to drain into the sump and carefully inspect the engine for oil leaks.
Check the oil for cleanliness by removing the dipstick and passing it between your thumb and forefinger. If dirt or metal particles are found at the same time, the oil must be changed.
Pay attention to the condition of the oil. If it is milky in color or drops of moisture can be seen in its composition, then this indicates a violation of the tightness of the head gasket or a crack in the head or cylinder block.
Top up the oil that was poured into the engine (the same brand and quality).