2. If the system has been containing antifreeze for a long time, flush it. To do this, unscrew the cap of the expansion tank and insert a hose into the hole. Disconnect the lower radiator hose to facilitate flushing. Supply water and wait until it appears from the lower radiator hose.
3. The percentage composition of the coolant depends on the local climate. A mixture of 35% antifreeze and 65% water is suitable for temperatures down to - 23°C. 50% antifreeze and 50% water protects the cooling system at temperatures down to - 40°C.
4. To avoid air locks when filling the system, pay attention to the following:
a) Replace the drain plug and connect the lower radiator hose. Be sure to install the sealing gaskets.
b) Set the heater control lever to the warm air supply position. When pouring coolant, the air vent plugs must be opened so that the liquid is distributed evenly (see illustrations). These plugs are located in different places on different engines. On carburetor models with an engine capacity of 2.0 liters, an additional plug is installed - it is located in the device that doses an additional amount of fuel when the carburetor is turned on. On these models, the radiator plug is usually not installed.
2.4a Cooling system of injection engines with a volume of 2.0 and 2.2 l; on models with a carburetor engine, only one vent plug is used (in the carburetor); 1. Engine; 2. Radiator; 3. Expansion tank; 4 Heater matrix
2.4b Cooling system of a turbocharged diesel engine, (for legend, see Illustration 2.4a).; 1. Engine; 2. Radiator; 3. Expansion tank; 4. Heater matrix; 5. Cold engine starting device; 6. Oil cooler
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2.4c V6 Engine Cooling System (the symbols are identical to those shown in Illustration 2.4a); 1. Engine; 2. Radiator; 3. Expansion tank; 4. Heater matrix; 5. Antechamber
5. On later models, a new modification of the expansion tank is installed.
6. Cooling systems of all models are filled through the filler hole of the expansion tank with the radiator cap closed. If you have an old radiator hose at hand, insert one end of it into the opening of the expansion tank. Insert a funnel into the other end of the hose and pour in the coolant. Antifreeze cannot be added in this way. Place the tank cap and the vent plugs in the working position. Feed in the liquid until it starts to come out from under the plugs without bubbles. Tighten the plugs and screw on the radiator cap.
7. Start the engine and let it run for a while at 1500 rpm. If necessary, add coolant up to the "Max" mark on the tank wall. Screw in the cap of the expansion tank. Let the engine run until the cooling fan turns on, then turn it off. Let the engine cool down and check the coolant level. If necessary, add more liquid. Do not open the vent plugs while the engine is running.