Checking the condition of the battery is carried out by measuring the density of the electrolyte with a densimeter.
The measured density of the electrolyte is compared with the values of the table. 8.1, this allows you to assess the condition of the battery.
Table 8.1. The degree of charge of the battery depending on the density of the electrolyte
The density of the electrolyte in all banks must be the same and differ by no more than±0.02 g/cm3 one from the other. If the density of the electrolyte in adjacent banks differs sharply, then the battery has a short circuit and is faulty.
Inspect the battery and make sure of the following:
- there are no cracks or signs of damage on the battery case and cover;
- there are no traces of dirt on the top of the battery;
- the terminals are in good condition;
- there are no salt deposits on the terminals (sulfation).
Check the tightness of the wire clamp nuts on the terminals. Poor contact between wire lugs and terminals can cause the engine to not start and reduce battery charging efficiency. In addition, if the contact is not reliable, sparking occurs, which can lead to an explosion of the battery.
Clean and lubricate with neutral grease (technical vaseline) battery terminals and wire lugs.
Check the electrolyte level by removing the plugs on the top of the battery.
On batteries with removable plugs, remove the cap by hand or with a tool (e.g. a hard spatula).
Check the electrolyte level in all banks, it should be approximately 1.5 cm above the separators.
If necessary, add distilled water to the battery.
Note. The translucent cases of some batteries make it possible to control the electrolyte level.
Never add electrolyte, acid or other liquids to the battery.