General information
In a severe enough frontal impact, seat belts hold the driver and passengers in place
The front shoulder belt pretensioners and the rear pyrotechnic reel retractors tighten the seat belts so that they fit snugly against the body.
The programmable restraint system limits the force with which the belt is pressed against the body.
Front airbags deploy:
- from the center of the steering wheel to protect the driver's head;
- from the dashboard for the front passenger.
Front seat belt lumbar pretensioners or anti-skid airbags tension the seat belts to protect the lower body
Note. The degree of inflation of the driver's airbag can be adjusted by the ECU depending on:
- seat position;
- impact force.
In the event of a sufficiently severe side impact, the front side chest airbag located in the front seat (from the side of impact), when activated, protects the chest of the front seat occupant on the door side. Rear side airbag. if the car is equipped with it, located in the sidewall of the body on the corresponding side (from the side of impact), protects the chest of the person sitting in the back seat from the side of the door. air curtain (from the side of impact) protects the head of a person sitting in the front or back seat from the side of the door.
Pretensioners, seat belt reels, anti-skid airbags, front and side airbags may deploy in various combinations depending on the severity and location of the impact.
When the pyrotechnic gas generator is activated, there is a popping sound and light smoke is emitted
Note. Power to the ECU and igniters under normal operating conditions is supplied from the vehicle battery. However, the airbag ECU has a built-in backup power supply in case of battery failure during the initial stages of an impact.
When the seat belt pretensioners or airbags are deployed, the computer is completely blocked and a warning light on the instrument panel lights up. In this case, the ECU must be replaced (under the influence of ignition energy, some elements lose their nominal characteristics).
After installing all the elements, perform a system check using a diagnostic tool.
After hitting:
- when the pretensioners are activated, replace the seat belts, if they were fastened, as well as the seat frame (power to the pretensioners of the shoulder branches of the belts is supplied sequentially);
- if the rear pyrotechnic coils are triggered, replace the seat belt together with the pyrotechnic coil (pyrotechnic coils are powered in series);
- when the driver's front airbag deploys, the steering wheel and its fastening bolt must be replaced;
- after actuation «passenger rectal airbag replace instrument panel;
- when the seat side airbag deploys, replace the seat frame;
- when the anti-slip airbag deploys, also replace the seat frame;
- when the curtain airbag deploys, install the plate and replace the deflector.
Driver and front passenger airbag
The driver and front passenger seats are equipped with airbags.
inscriptions «Airbag» on the steering wheel and on the instrument panel (airbag area A), as well as a corresponding sticker on the bottom of the windshield, indicate that. that this equipment is installed on the vehicle.
Each airbag system includes:
- airbag and gas generator mounted in the center panel of the steering wheel (for the driver) or in the dashboard (for front passenger);
- a common electronic unit consisting of a shock sensor and a tracking system for turning on the gas generator igniter:
- a single control lamp located on the instrument panel;
- an additional forward-facing frontal impact sensor.
Note. The airbag is actuated by a gas-powered system which, when the airbag is inflated, emits smoke and generates some heat (do not be afraid - this means the start of a fire), also distributed cotton. When an airbag deploys, the driver may suffer minor and transient skin injuries.
Operating principle
The system only works when the ignition is on.
In a severe frontal impact, the airbags instantly inflate with gas. thus weakening the impact of the head and chest of the driver on the steering wheel, as well as the head and chest of the front passenger on the dashboard; after impact, the airbags immediately deflate, allowing you to leave the car freely.
Feature of the frontal airbag
For each pillow, two degrees of opening are provided depending on the force of impact and a system of valves to prevent burns by gases filling the pillow:
- «small volume» - this is the first degree of filling the pillow;
- «large volume» (second level of pillow filling) - the safety seams of the airbag are torn, and it becomes large (with very strong impacts).
Faults
When the ignition is switched on, the control lamp located on the instrument panel lights up for a few seconds.
If the control lamp does not light up when the ignition is switched on, or if it comes on with the engine running, this indicates a malfunction in the airbag system.
Contact a service station as soon as possible. Late handling can lead to a decrease in safety.
Additional safety devices for passengers in the rear seats
Depending on the vehicle configuration, additional safety devices include:
- seat belt pretensioners. built into inertial coils;
- seat belt force limiters.
In the event of a frontal impact, these devices can work both separately from each other and simultaneously.
Depending on the strength of the frontal impact, two options are possible:
- protection is provided only by seat belts;
- the pretensioner is activated, pressing the seat belt tightly against the body.
The rear seat belt pretensioners only operate when the ignition is on.
In the event of a severe frontal impact, the device instantly retracts the belt, pressing it against the body and thereby increasing the efficiency of the belt.
Seat belt force limiter
This device turns on at a certain impact force and limits the force of the belt pressure on the torso.
Side airbags
Side airbags are installed in the front seats. and also, depending on the vehicle configuration, in the rear side seats and open to the side of the seat (from the side of the door) in a severe side impact, protecting the driver and passengers.
Side blinds
These airbags are mounted on top of the vehicle and deploy along the front and rear side windows to protect the driver and passengers in severe side impacts.